centeroКонтуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, правоOutlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law2542-02402587-9324Center for Crisis Society Studies10.31249/kgt/2022.01.07centero-997Research ArticleРесурсная база мирового развитияThe Resource Base of World DevelopmentНовые подходы развитых стран в обеспечении продовольственной безопасностиChanging Food Security Strategies in the Developed Countrieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-434XХейфецБ. А.KheifetsB. A.

Борис Аронович Хейфец, доктор экономических наук, профессор; главный научный сотрудник

125993, Ленинградский проспект, д. 49, Москва

117218, Нахимовский проспект, д. 32, Москва

Boris A. Kheifets, Doctor of Economics, Professor; Chief Researcher 

125993, Leningradskiy prospect, 49, Moscow

117218, Nakhimovskiy prospect, 32, Moscow 

bah412@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-9091ЧерноваВ. Ю.ChernovaV. Y.

Вероника Юрьевна Чернова, доктор экономических наук, доцент

117198, улица Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва

Veronika Y. Chernova, Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor

117198, Miklukho-Maklaya street, 6, Moscow 

veronika_urievna@mail.ruФинансовый университет при Правительстве РФ; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт экономики РАНРоссияFinancial University under the Government of the Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Institute of Economics RASRussian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народовРоссияPeoples' Friendship University of RussiaRussian Federation202217092022151151166Copyright © Хейфец Б.А., Чернова В.Ю., 20222022Хейфец Б.А., Чернова В.Ю.Kheifets B.A., Chernova V.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/997

В статье рассматриваются новые подходы ряда развитых стран, входящих в топ-10 мировых лидеров the Global Food Security Index, в обеспечении своей продовольственной безопасности. Смена стратегий произошла в связи с ростом заболеваний, обусловленных недостаточным и неправильным с точки зрения пользы для здоровья питанием и увеличением нагрузки на национальные системы здравоохранения. Пандемия COVID-19 еще рельефнее обнажила слабые стороны продовольственных систем во всех странах, усилив неравенство в доступе к безопасным и полезным для здоровья продуктам питания по приемлемым ценам. Эти проблемы обусловлены комплексным характером продовольственной безопасности, в то время как политика по ее обеспечению носит фрагментарный характер и осуществляется несколькими органами власти. Кроме того, в силу различий в национальных системах питания, отражающих культурные особенности каждой страны, невозможно выработать единые рекомендации по здоровому питанию. В России, как и в других странах, существующие модели питания не соответствуют рекомендациям ВОЗ и Министерства здравоохранения РФ, а усилия, предпринимаемым для их оптимизации, не дадут ожидаемого эффекта без интеграции политики в области сельского хозяйства, пищевой промышленности и здравоохранения. Зарубежный опыт показывает необходимость применения системно-ориентированного подхода к формированию политики продовольственной безопасности на основе согласованных действий в разных секторах экономики, включая здравоохранение.

The article examines new approaches to ensure food security in a number of developed countries, included in the top 10 world leaders of the Global Food Security Index. The shift in strategies has come as a result of an increase in the diseases attributable to inadequate and inadequate nutritional health and an increase in the burden on national health systems. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed the weaknesses of food systems in all countries, exacerbating inequalities in access to safe and healthy food at affordable prices. These challenges stem from the complex nature of food security, while policies to ensure food security are fragmented and implemented by several authorities. In addition, due to the differences in national nutritional systems, reflecting the cultural characteristics of each country, it is impossible to develop uniform recommendations for healthy eating. In Russia, as in other countries, the existing dietary patterns do not comply with the recommendations of the WHO and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and the efforts made to optimize them will not give the expected effect without the integration of policies in the field of agriculture, food industry and health care. Foreign experience shows the need for a system-oriented approach to the formation of food security policy based on the integration of all interrelated policies and concerted action in different sectors of the economy, including healthcare.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.