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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-862</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Точка зрения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Point of View</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тридцать лет без СССР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Thirty Years from the End of the USSR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-7522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурдон</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gourdon</surname><given-names>C. C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ком Карпентье де Гурдон - ученый секретарь, Международная редакционная коллегия; советник</p><p>D-322, Defence Colony, Нью-Дели 110 024</p><p>J-1 and H-1, Ground floor, Upasana building, 1 Hailey road, Нью-Дели 110 001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Côme Carpentier de Gourdon - Convener; adviser</p><p>D-322, Defence Colony, New Delhi 110 024</p><p>J-1 and H-1, Ground floor, Upasana building, 1 Hailey road, New Delhi 110 001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">comecarpentier@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>журнал World Affairs – The Journal of International Issues; Фонд "Индия"</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Editorial Board, World Affairs – The Journal of International Issues; The India Foundation</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>К 30-летию распада СССР</issue-title><fpage>247</fpage><lpage>257</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гурдон К.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гурдон К.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gourdon C.C.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/862">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/862</self-uri><abstract><p>Историографическое введение статьи содержит ретроспекцию работ зарубежных и российских ученых и экспертов, освещающих причины распада Советского Союза. Автор, анализируя особенности политического лидерства М.С. Горбачёва, помещает позднесоветский кризис в контекст русской истории и имперского наследия России. Особое внимание обращено на проблему нации как единства этнических, культурных и лингвистических составляющих ее элементов в противовес универсалистскому пониманию империи как сообщества народов, объединенных общей исторической судьбой. Автор сопоставляет Советский Союз как империю неклассического типа с европейскими имперскими образованиями, в частности с германской, сформировавшейся из «конфедеративного» объединения государств Центральной и Восточной Европы. Германский «рейх» опирался на исторические традиции Древнего Рима и династии Каролингов и впоследствии трансформировался в своеобразное федеративное государство, окруженное небольшими территориальными единицами, которые приняли цивилизационное и политическое наследие «рейха». В настоящее время Германия постепенно утверждает свое лидерство как среди в прошлом зависимых от нее территорий, так и на пространстве Евросоюза, лишившегося Великобритании. Россия же, побуждаемая географическими и стратегическими императивами, пытается воссоздать евразийскую «конфедеративную» ассоциацию с бывшими советскими республиками в соответствии со стратегической задачей возвращения себе значения силы, связующей Запад, исламский мир и Китай. В заключительной части статьи автор задается вопросом: удастся ли России создать синтетическую модель государственного пространства на основе симбиоза идей «славянской православной ойкумены» Н.Я. Данилевского (1822–1885) и синкретической евразийской модели Л.Н. Гумилёва (1912–1992)?</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article contains a brief retrospective assessment of the reasons given by various scholars and observers for the breakdown of the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev’s leadership and it situates that crisis in the larger context of history and the imperial legacy of the Russian state. It particularly looks at the issue of nationality as an ethnic, cultural and linguistic concept vis-a-vis the universalistic notion of empire as a community of destiny among diverse people. The author compares the Soviet Union’s structure as a ‘non classical’ empire to those of other European states and especially to Germany’s which has also evolved from being a loose Central and East European ‘Reich’ inspired by the Roman and Carolingian heritage – to becoming a federal nation surrounded by smaller countries that share with it ancient civilisational and political legacy. Whereas Germany is gradually asserting leadership among many of its former dependencies and in the post-Brexit European Union as a whole, Russia is led by geographical and strategic compulsions to rebuild a Eurasian confederal association with erstwhile Soviet Republics and possessions of the Tsarist Empire, in conformity with its location between the ‘West’, the Islamosphere and the Chinese world. Will Russia be able to create a synthesis between the Slav Orthodox Oikoumene envisioned by Nikolay Danilevsky and the Eurasian syncretistic model promoted by Lev Gumilyov?</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Советский Союз</kwd><kwd>Священная Римская империя</kwd><kwd>германский рейх</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>панславизм</kwd><kwd>цивилизация</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Брекзит</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>Варшавский договор</kwd><kwd>Совет экономической взаимопомощи</kwd><kwd>«Пять глаз» (разведывательный альянс)</kwd><kwd>Соединенные Штаты Америки</kwd><kwd>инициатива «Один пояс – один путь»</kwd><kwd>трубопровод «Северный поток»</kwd><kwd>Евразийский экономический союз</kwd><kwd>Шанхайская организация сотрудничества</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>Soviet Union</kwd><kwd>Holy Roman Empire</kwd><kwd>German Reich</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>Pan-Slavism</kwd><kwd>civilisation</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Brexit</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>Warsaw Pact</kwd><kwd>COMECON</kwd><kwd>Five Eyes alliance</kwd><kwd>United States</kwd><kwd>Belt and  Road Initiative (BRI)</kwd><kwd>Nord Stream</kwd><kwd>Eurasian  Economic Union</kwd><kwd>Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кожокин Е.М. 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