centeroКонтуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, правоOutlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law2542-02402587-9324Center for Crisis Society Studies10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-1-2centero-717Research ArticleПолитические процессы в меняющемся миреPolitical Processes in the Changing WorldНеконтролируемые территории в современном мире: теория, генезис, типы, динамикаUncontrolled Territories in the Contemporary World: Theory, Genesis, Types and Dynamicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-9463КолосовВ. А.KolosovV. A.

Владимир Александрович Колосов - доктор географических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией геополитических исследований, заместитель директора

119017, Старомонетный пер., д. 29, Москва

Vladimir A. Kolosov - DSc in Geography, Center for Geopolitical Studies, Deputy Director

119017, Staromonetniy l., 29, Moscow

kolosov@igras.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5666СебенцовА. Б.SebentsovA. B.

Александр Борисович Себенцов - кандидат географических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории геополитических исследований

119017, Старомонетный пер., д. 29, Москва

Alexander B. Sebentsov - PhD in Geography, Senior Researcher, Center for Geopolitical Studies

119017, Staromonetniy l., 29, Moscow

asebentsov@igras.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-4985ТуровН. Л.TurovN. L.

Никита Леонидович Туров - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории геополитических исследований

119017, Старомонетный пер., д. 29, Москва

Nikita L. Turov - Junior Researcher, Center for Geopolitical Studies

119017, Staromonetniy l., 29, Moscow

turov@igras.ruИнститут географии РАНРоссияInstitute of Geography of the Russian Academy of ScienceRussian Federation202107012021141Сепаратизм, сецессионизм и государственные границы2351Copyright © Колосов В.А., Себенцов А.Б., Туров Н.Л., 20212021Колосов В.А., Себенцов А.Б., Туров Н.Л.Kolosov V.A., Sebentsov A.B., Turov N.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/717

Неконтролируемые территории (НТ) привлекают внимание все большего числа исследователей. Однако большинство публикаций посвящено лишь одному из типов НТ – непризнанным государствам. Цель работы – оценить и проанализировать изменения площади и населения всех НТ в разных макрорегионах мира в 2006– 2010 и 2014–2019 гг. Условно выделены и охарактеризованы пять направлений исследования таких территорий. Авторы различают несколько видов и территориальных рисунков контроля над территорией, предлагают типологию НТ и подробно рассматривают методику и трудности создания базы данных о них. Обострение геополитической обстановки во втором десятилетии XXI в. привело к росту числа международных конфликтов, увеличению площади и численности населения НТ в Азии, Африке и Европе. Фактическая сецессия в наибольшей степени затронула обширные зоны проблемной государственности в Азии и Африке, в которых, по оценке авторов, проживало соответственно около 45 млн и 138 млн человек. Возникновение НТ представляет собой частный случай фрагментации политического пространства на разных территориальных уровнях – следствие турбулентной трансформации мирового геополитического порядка.

The uncontrolled territories (UT) attract the attention of an increasing number of researchers; however, most publications are devoted to only one type of UTs – unrecognized states. The objective of this paper is to assess and analyze changes in territory and population of all UTs in different macro-regions of the world through 2006–2010 and 2014–2019. Five main directions of studies of such territories are identified and characterized. The authors distinguish several types and patterns of territorial control, propose a typology of UTs and consider in detail the methodology and difficulties of creating a corresponding database. The aggravation of the geopolit ical situation in the second decade of the 21th century led to an increase in the number of international conflicts and in the area and population of UTs in Asia, Africa and Europe. The de facto secession largely affected the vast zones of problematic statehood in Asia and Africa, where according to the authors’ estimates, about 45 million and 138 million people live, respectively. The emergence of UTs is a special case of the fragmentation of the political space at different territorial levels – a consequence of the turbulent transformation of the world geopolitical order.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.