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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-6-6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-704</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Российский опыт</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian Experience</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деятельность иностранных военных компаний на постсоветском пространстве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Activities of Multinational Military Companies in the Post-Soviet Space</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-036X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривопалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivopalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Алексеевич Кривопалов - кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Центр постсоветских исследований.</p><p>117997, Профсоюзная ул., д. 23, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Krivopalov - PhD in History, Senior Researcher, Center of Post-Soviet Studies.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krivopalov@centero.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е.М. Примакова, РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>Иностранный капитал в экономике и мировой политике</issue-title><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кривопалов А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кривопалов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krivopalov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/704">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/704</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются основные направления деятельности иностранных частных военных компаний (ЧВК) на постсоветском пространстве. Первые ЧВК возникли в 1960-е годы, однако современный рынок военно-охранных услуг сложился уже после окончания холодной войны. Распад СССР и Организации Варшавского договора (ОВД) обусловили создание обширного рынка вооружений. Крушение Советской армии и затяжной экономический кризис выбросили на социальное дно большое количество бывших военнослужащих, готовых предложить свои профессиональные навыки практически любому платежеспособному заказчику. Исчезновение биполярной системы международных отношений породило обширные зоны нестабильности. В основном они оказались локализованы в Африке, на Балканах и Ближнем Востоке. Описанная в трудах М. Вебера монополия государства на осуществление легитимного насилия, как и некоторые другие сформулированные Вебером «идеальные типы», изначально относилась к области логических абстракций. Для многих периферийных регионов этот базовый признак государственного суверенитета в его «вестфальском» значении был еще менее актуален. Автор отмечает, что в крупнейших западных ЧВК больше не преобладает военно-охранная функция. Эти корпорации значительно диверсифицировали направления деятельности, предусмотрительно исключили слово «военный» из своих названий и сегодня оказывают заказчикам широкий спектр услуг от грузоперевозок и консалтинга до строительства и геологической разведки. В отличие от Ирака и Афганистана, постсоветское пространство не предоставляет западным ЧВК сколь-нибудь широкого поля для участия в миротворческих и контртеррористических операциях. Их вклад в боевую подготовку вооруженных сил Грузии, Украины и Азербайджана свелся лишь к нескольким эпизодам. Однако принципиально новым явлением стало постепенное проникновение в Центральноазиатский регион китайских военных компаний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article considers the main directions of the activities of Western private military companies (PMCs) in the post-Soviet space. The end of the USSR and the Warsaw Pact led to the creation of an extensive arms market. The collapse of the Soviet army and the prolonged economic crisis frustrated a large number of former military personnel and made them ready to offer their professional skills to almost any solvent customer. The decay of the bipolar system of international relations has created vast zones of instability, mostly localized in Africa, the Balkans, and in the Middle East. The military security function no longer prevails in the largest Western PMCs. These corporations have significantly diversified their activities, thoughtfully excluded the word “military” from their names, and today provide customers with a wide range of services from cargo transportation and consulting to construction and geological exploration. Unlike Iraq and Afghanistan, the post-Soviet space does not provide Western PMCs with any broad field for participation in peacekeeping and counter-terrorism operations. Their contribution to the combat training of the armed forces of Georgia, Ukraine and Azerbaijan was limited to only a few episodes. However, the gradual penetration of Chinese military companies into the Central Asian region has become a fundamentally new phenomenon.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ЧВК</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Ближний Восток</kwd><kwd>постсоветское пространство</kwd><kwd>Центральная Азия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PMCs</kwd><kwd>foreign policy</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Middle East</kwd><kwd>post-Soviet space</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барабанов М.С., Лавров А.В., Це-луйко В.А. (2009) Танки августа. Сборник статей. 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