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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-3-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-633</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политические процессы в меняющемся мире</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political Processes in the Changing World</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Можно ли повторить опыт Восточной Азии? Внешние факторы восточноазиатского «чуда»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Is It Possible to Repeat the Experience of East Asia? The External Factors of East Asian ‘Miracle’</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-3310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красильщиков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasilshchikov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Александрович Красильщиков </p><p>доктор экономических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>117997, Нахимовский пр-т, д. 51/21, Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor A. Krasilshchikov </p><p>DSc in Economics, Chief Researcher</p><p>117997, Nakhimovskyj Av., 51/21, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">f1victor@mtu-net.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт научной информации по общественным наукам (ИНИОН) РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Глобализация и регионализация: эволюция современных Азии и Африки</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Красильщиков В.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Красильщиков В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasilshchikov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/633">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/633</self-uri><abstract><p>Можно ли повторить опыт модернизации восточноазиатских «тигров», новых индустриальных стран (НИС) Восточной Азии? Вопреки распространенным в России и в мире в целом утверждениям, будто и другие страны могут совершить такой же прыжок в «первый мир», автор подчеркивает уникальность опыта этих стран. Их успех явился результатом исключительного сочетания внешних и внутренних факторов, которые существовали в регионе в 1960–1980‑х гг. В статье сделан упор именно на внешние факторы, которые способствовали этому успеху. Первым и главным из них была холодная война. Стратегия «сдерживания коммунизма» побуждала Соединенные Штаты Америки способствовать «построению» хорошего капитализма в качестве альтернативы советскому и китайскому влиянию. Вторым внешним фактором быстрой модернизации НИС явилась зависимость их деловых и политических элит от США в условиях холодной войны. Такая зависимость вынуждала их использовать ту модель экономического развития, которая соответствовала американским стратегическим интересам. Третьим внешним фактором успеха рассматриваемых стран явились структурные изменения в экономике США и других развитых стран в сочетании с неоконсервативным социальным реваншем капитала в борьбе против организованного рабочего движения. Открытие внутренних рынков стран Запада для промышленных товаров из НИС Восточной Азии не только содействовало их ориентированной на экспорт индустриализации, но и «усмирению» профсоюзов на Западе. Рассматривая указанные внешние факторы модернизации азиатских НИС, автор приходит к выводу о том, что, поскольку данные факторы ныне отсутствуют в других развивающихся регионах, повторение восточноазиатского опыта не представляется возможным.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper focuses on the widespread presupposition about a possibility for the developing countries beyond the East Asian region to follow the development path of the newly industrialised countries (NICs) of East and Southeast Asia known as ‘tigers’. The author underlines that the ‘tigers’ success story was the effect of fortune combination of the external and internal factors of fast modernisation of the countries under scrutiny. The subject of the given paper is a set of the external factors of the East Asian ‘miracle’. In the author’s opinion, there were three main external factors of successful development in the East Asian NICs. Firstly, there was a strong influence of cold war in the region. Since the early‑1960s the rivalry between the USSR and USA was here ‘supplemented’ by pretensions of the Maoist China to the role of ‘torch’ for the poor and wretched peoples of Asia. Thus, there was the specific triangle of foreign forces that operated in the region. The US ruling circles conceived that the best way to ‘the containment of communism’ was to create a show case of ‘good capitalism’: to eradicate mass poverty, to build contemporary effective economy, to open the channels of vertical social mobility for youth, and, thereby, to erode the social soil for the Leftist ideas. Secondly, the business and political leaders of the considerable countries understood a necessity to modernise their economies. The local elites, being in vassal dependency on the American protection, were obliged to follow the path of development that corresponded mostly to the interests of US. This circumstance determined, to a big degree, a choice of the outward‑looking industrialisation. Thirdly, the export‑oriented industrialisation in East Asia coincided with profound structural changes in Western economies. The NICs could occupy niches at the internal markets of industrial countries, exporting their manufactured goods to the West. It provided the growth of incomes for further accumulation. The neoconservatism in politics and neoliberalism in economics in the West helped to the East Asian ‘tigers’ to carry out their modernisation. Since the called external factors of East Asian ‘miracle’ do not recently exist in other developing regions, the author comes to conclusion that none of these regions can repeat the success story of the Asian NICs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Восточная Азия</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>Корея</kwd><kwd>Малайзия</kwd><kwd>модернизация</kwd><kwd>новые индустриальные страны</kwd><kwd>СССР</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Сингапур</kwd><kwd>Тайвань</kwd><kwd>холодная война</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>cold war</kwd><kwd>East Asia</kwd><kwd>Korea</kwd><kwd>modernisation</kwd><kwd>Singapore</kwd><kwd>Taiwan</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>USSR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горожанкина А.А. 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