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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-1-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-595</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В национальном разрезе</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>National Peculiarities</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные Афины: миграционные процессы и парадигмы городского развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Athens: Migration Processes and Paradigms of Urban Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2042-7215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Квашнин</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvashnin</surname><given-names>Y. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Дмитриевич Квашнин</p><p>кандидат исторических наук, руководитель Центра европейских исследований </p><p>117997, Профсоюзная ул., д. 23, Москва</p><p>доцент, кафедра мировой экономики </p><p>119454, проспект Вернадского, д. 76, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury D. Kvashnin</p><p>PhD in History, Head of Center for European Studies </p><p>117997, Profsoyuznaya St., 23, Moscow</p><p>Associate Professor </p><p>119454, Vernadskogo Av., 76, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykvashnin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова РАН,&#13;
Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, &#13;
MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Глобальные демографические трансформации: современная урбанизация и международные миграции</issue-title><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Квашнин Ю.Д., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Квашнин Ю.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kvashnin Y.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/595">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/595</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье предпринята попытка оценить роль миграционных процессов в городском развитии Афин на протяженном временном отрезке – с 1834 г., когда город стал столицей независимого греческого государства, по наше время. История Афин, менее чем за столетие превратившихся из небольшого регионального центра в одну из десяти крупнейших в Европейском союзе городских агломераций, представляет собой показательный кейс характерной для средиземноморских стран «спонтанной урбанизации» со всеми ее издержками: нелегальным строительством, чрезмерно высокой плотностью населения и инфраструктурными проблемами. В  конце XX  – начале XXI вв. Афины столкнулись с новым вызовом  – массовой иммиграцией сначала выходцев из стран бывшей Югославии и особенно Албании, а после вхождения Греции в шенгенскую зону  – из государств Северной Африки, Ближнего Востока и Южной Азии. Во время миграционного кризиса 2015  г. Греция стала главными вратами для сотен тысяч беженцев и экономических мигрантов в объединенную Европу. Эти тенденции оказали самое непосредственное влияние на экономику и социальную среду греческой столицы, усилив такие тренды, как рост числа жителей с  низким уровнем доходов, этническая сегрегация по районам и субурбанизация – отъезд коренного населения из обветшалого центра в более безопасные и удобные для проживания пригороды и города-спутники.</p><p>Необходимость перехода к более ответственному городскому планированию стала очевидна еще в 1980-е гг., когда впервые на законодательном уровне был утвержден генеральный план, определявший стратегию развития производственного сектора, транспортной системы, землепользования и политики на рынке жилья. Серьезным стимулом для осуществления инфраструктурных проектов, частично профинансированных за счет структурных фондов ЕС, стало проведение в  2004  г. Олимпийских игр. В  2014  г. на фоне долгового кризиса и экономической рецессии администрацией города была принята Стратегия устойчивого развития до 2030 г., учитывающая такие хронические проблемы, как деградация инфраструктуры, нерегулярная миграция, а также низкое качество управления. На современном этапе в  силу отсутствия необходимых финансовых ресурсов решающая роль в  улучшении городской среды отводится частному сектору. Так, муниципальные власти способствуют джентрификации центральных районов столицы, имеющих нереализованный туристический и инвестиционный потенциал, предоставляя значительные налоговые льготы и стимулы для ведения бизнеса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article attempts to assess the role of migration processes in the urban development of Athens over an extended period of time – since 1834, when the city became the capital of an independent Greek state, up to this day. The history of modern Athens, which in less than a century has turned from a small regional center into one of the ten largest urban agglomerations in the European Union, is a peculiar case of Mediterranean-type spontaneous urbanization with all its drawbacks, such as illegal construction, excessively high population density and infrastructural problems. At the turn of the 20th century Athens faced a new challenge  – the mass inflow of immigrants from the former Yugoslavian countries and Albania, and after Greece entered the Schengen zone – from the countries of North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. During the 2015 migration crisis, Greece became the main gateway for hundreds of thousands of refugees and economic migrants to the European Union. These trends have had a direct impact on the economy and social environment of the Greek capital, reinforcing challenges such as an increase in the number of low-income residents, ethnic segregation by regions and suburbanization – relocation of indigenous people from a dilapidated center to safer and more comfortable suburbs and satellite towns.</p><p>The need for a transition to more responsible urban planning became apparent in the 1980s, when the first (to be legislated) master plan was adopted, which determined the development strategy for the manufacturing sector, transport system, land use and housing market policies. A serious incentive for the implementation of infrastructure projects – partially funded by EU structural funds  – was the holding of the 2004 Olympic Games. In 2014, against the backdrop of a debt crisis and economic recession, the city administration adopted Athens Resilience Strategy for 2030, which takes into account such chronic problems as infrastructure degradation, irregular migration, as well as poor management at the regional and prefectural levels. Presently, due to the lack of necessary financial resources, a decisive role in improving the urban environment is assigned to the private sector. Thus, municipal authorities contribute to the gentrification of the central regions of Athens, which have got unfulfilled tourism and investment potential, providing significant tax benefits and incentives for doing business.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Афины</kwd><kwd>миграционные процессы</kwd><kwd>субурбанизация</kwd><kwd>сегрегация</kwd><kwd>джентрификация</kwd><kwd>городское планирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Athens</kwd><kwd>migration processes</kwd><kwd>suburbanization</kwd><kwd>segregation</kwd><kwd>gentrification</kwd><kwd>urban planning</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 19-18-00251 «Социально-экономическое развитие крупных городов Европы: влияние иностранных капиталовложений и трудовых миграций») в Московском государственном институте международных отношений (университете) Министерства иностранных дел Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article is prepared at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University) under the grant of the Russian Science Foundation 19-18-00251 “Socio-economic development of large European cities: influence of foreign investments and labour migrations”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова А.К. 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