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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-1-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Социальные трансформации</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Social Transformations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономическая деятельность выходцев из Африки в крупных странах ЕС: новые подходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Activities of African Migrants in Major EU Countries: New Approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-9924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Владимирович Кузнецов</p><p>член-корреспондент РАН, доктор экономических наук, врио директора </p><p>117997, Нахимовский пр-т, д. 51/21</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Kuznetsov</p><p>Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, DSc in Economics, Acting Director </p><p>1179997, Nakhimovsky Av., 51/21</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsov_alexei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт научной информации по общественным наукам РАН (ИНИОН РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences (INION) of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Глобальные демографические трансформации: современная урбанизация и международные миграции</issue-title><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/591">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/591</self-uri><abstract><p>Рост интереса к миграционным проблемам в  ЕС слабо затронул анализ африканских мигрантов. В центре внимания находятся социальные и политические вопросы, а исследуемые экономические вопросы связаны прежде всего с оценкой причин приезда африканцев в  ЕС, траекторий их передвижения, а также масштабов денежных переводов на родину и условий возвращения их самих назад в Африку. В  статье акцент сделан на основных чертах экономической деятельности африканских мигрантов в  ЕС. Вместо традиционного рассмотрения лишь одной либо нескольких диаспор в  отдельной стране или обобщенного анализа всего ЕС сравнивается специфика выходцев из разных стран Африки в 4 крупнейших государствах ЕС (включая Великобританию, покинувшую интеграционный проект в 2020  г.). Статья начинается с  обзора исследований, где содержатся сведения по экономической деятельности мигрантов из стран Африки. Затем на основе сведений Евростата и национальной статистики ФРГ, Франции, Италии и Великобритании показана доля выходцев из Африки. Объяснены причины различий между этими четырьмя странами в  динамике и структуре иммиграции из Африки. Рассмотрена статистика беженцев, натурализовавшихся за последние 10  лет лиц, иностранных граждан и жителей с  миграционными корнями. Лидирует по числу мигрантов Франция, в  основном за счет выходцев из франкоязычных стран Северной и Западной Африки. Выделяется из-за географической близости к этому региону и Италия, на которую нацелены многие нелегальные маршруты мигрантов. Великобритания стала целью преимущественно жителей бывших британских колоний, которые довольно успешно проходят натурализацию в  Соединенном Королевстве (поэтому африканцев без местных паспортов в  Великобритании столько же, сколько и в ФРГ – по 0,6 млн). Далее показано, что ключевым фактором для занятия той или иной экономической позиции в  обществе является статус мигрантов, также важную роль играют их образование (хотя часто африканцы работают на местах, где требуется уровень квалификации ниже, чем они имеют) и языковые барьеры. Есть большие гендерные различия. Завершается статья выводами о проблемах адаптации африканских мигрантов, хотя без занятия ими непривлекательных рабочих мест страны ЕС уже не могут обойтись.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The growing interest in migration issues in the EU has not affected the analysis of African migrants. The focus is on social and political issues, while the economic issues studied are primarily related to the assessment of the reasons for the arrival of Africans in the EU, the trajectory of their movement, as well as the scale of remittances to their homeland and the conditions for their return back to Africa. The article focuses on the main features of African migrants’ economic activity in the EU. Instead of the traditional consideration of only one or several diasporas in a single country or a generalized analysis of the entire EU, we compare the specifics of immigrants from different African countries in the 4 largest EU member states (including the UK, which left the integration project in 2020). Our article begins with a review of studies that contain information on the economic activities of migrants from African countries. Then, based on data from Eurostat and national statistics from Germany, France, Italy and the UK, the role of people from Africa in these countries population is shown. The reasons for the differences between these four countries in the dynamics and structure of immigration from Africa are explained. Statistics of refugees, naturalized persons over the past 10 years, foreign citizens and residents with migration past are considered. France is the leader in the number of migrants, mainly due to people from French-speaking countries of North and West Africa. Italy stands out because it is targeted by many illegal migrant routes due to its geographical proximity to this region. The UK has become a target mainly for residents of former British colonies who are quite successful in naturalization in the United Kingdom (therefore, there are as many Africans without local passports in the UK as in Germany – 0.6 million). Further, it is shown that the key factor for taking a particular economic position in society is the status of migrants, their education also plays an important role (although Africans often work in places where a lower level of qualification is required than they have), as well as language barriers. There are big gender differences. At the end of the article we make conclusions about the problems of African migrants’ adaptation, although the EU countries cannot refuse to employ migrants in unattractive jobs in any case.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миграции</kwd><kwd>африканские мигранты</kwd><kwd>страны ЕС</kwd><kwd>экономические ниши на рынке труда</kwd><kwd>миграционная статистика</kwd><kwd>ФРГ</kwd><kwd>Франция</kwd><kwd>Италия</kwd><kwd>Великобритания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>migrations</kwd><kwd>African migrants</kwd><kwd>EU member states</kwd><kwd>economic niches on labor markets</kwd><kwd>migration statistics</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd><kwd>France</kwd><kwd>Italy</kwd><kwd>United Kingdom</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена за счет гранта РФФИ № 17-07-00040-ОГН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research is made under financial support of the RFBR (project no 17-07-00040-OGN).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамова И.О. 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