centeroКонтуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, правоOutlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law2542-02402587-9324Center for Crisis Society Studies10.23932/2542-0240-2017-10-5-135-151centero-57Research ArticleАзия: вызовы и перспективыAsia: Challenges and PerspectivesКИТАЙСКИЙ ВОЕННО-ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС ПРИ СИ ЦЗИНЬПИНЕPRC’S MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX UNDER XI JINPINGКаменновП. Б.KamennovP. B.

кандидат политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.

117997,  Москва, Нахимовский проспект, 32. 

Cand. Sci. (Pol.), Leading Researcher.

32, pr. Nakhimovsky, Moscow, 117997. 

kamennov@ifes-ras.ruИнститут Дальнего Востока, Российская академия наук.РоссияInstitute of Far Eastern Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences.Russian Federation201721122017105Первая пятилетка председателя Си135151Copyright © Каменнов П.Б., 20172017Каменнов П.Б.Kamennov P.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/57

В статье анализируются достижения и проблемы военнопромышленного комплекса (ВПК) КНР при Си Цзиньпине (2012–2017 гг.) в контексте реализации программы модернизации национальной обороны КНР до 2050 г. и участия ВПК в экономическом строительстве. Автор описывает положение, сложившееся в различных отраслях военно-промышленного комплекса. Китайская атомная промышленность в последние годы развивалась особенно быстрыми темпами. В ракетно-космической отрасли также наблюдались серьёзные успехи. Авиационная промышленность Китая, и в первую очередь авиационное двигателестроение, традиционно отставали от американского, западноевропейского и российского уровня. Правительство Китая прикладывает большие усилия для исправления ситуации. Традиционно отстававшая от западного уровня китайская микроэлектроника в ближайшие годы также должна обрести новое качество. Кораблестроительная промышленность Китая сегодня в состоянии самостоятельно проектировать и производить как крупнотоннажные надводные корабли, так и атомные подводные лодки. Отмечается, что наряду с успехами в производстве военной и гражданской техники предпринимаются меры по сокращению зависимости ВПК от импорта зарубежных технологий. Значительное внимание автор уделил проблеме конверсии военного производства, во многом обеспечившей в 1980-е – 1990-е гг. стремительный экономический рост Китая. Одной из наиболее перспективных стратегий преодоления технологической отсталости военнопромышленного комплекса является так называемая военно-гражданская интеграция. Она позволяет повышать научно-технический уровень оборонных секторов экономики за счёт перенаправления туда технологий, опробованных в гражданских отраслях. Такой переход позволяет Китаю обходить западное эмбарго на поставки продукции военного назначения.

The article is dedicated to the achievements and problems of the Chinese military-industrial complex and its role in the economy building during the Xi Jinping` s term (2012–2017). The evolution of the problem is particularly interesting in the context of the realization of the National Security modernization Program of China 2050. The author provides a description of the current state of military-industrial complex fields. Chinese atomic industry has been growing rapidly during the last years. There are significant achievements in the field of the rocket and space industry. Aviation industry, and in particular the aviation engine construction, has been traditionally considered as underdeveloped in comparison with the American, Western European and Russian aviation. In this sense, the Chinese government endeavors to improve the situation. Microelectronics, which has also been rather underdeveloped, is expected to obtain a new quality. The shipbuilding industry in China nowadays gives positive examples of design and building heavy-tonnage vessels, such as nuclear-powered submarines. Apart from the military and technological achievements, many efforts are put in order to reduce the level of the Chinese dependence on the import of foreign technologies. The author stresses the significance of the military industry conversion practices, which used to be one of the main driving forces of the China`s economic growth in 1980–1990s. The so-called military civil integration is one of the most effective strategies aimed at overcoming the technological backwardness of the military- industrial complex. It contributes to the technological growth in the fields of security due to the practices of redirection the civil technologies into the military field. Such an approach allows China to avoid the Western military embargo.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.