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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2019-12-6-3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>США: новые реалии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>USA: new realities</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы глобальной конкурентоспособности американского СПГ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Factors of Global Competitiveness of American LNG</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-2716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук; руководитель Центра энергетических исследований </p><p>117997, Профсоюзная ул., д. 23, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> DSc in Economics, Head of Center for Energy </p><p>117997, Profsoyuznaya St., 23, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhukov@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5377-4702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленников</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikov</surname><given-names>A. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Центра энергетических исследований </p><p>117997, Профсоюзная ул., д. 23, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Center for Energy </p><p>117997, Profsoyuznaya St., 23, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maslennikov@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5630-0799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyn</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Центра энергетических исследований</p><p>117997, Профсоюзная ул., д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Center for Energy </p><p>117997, Profsoyuznaya St., 23, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinitsyn@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>Глобальная инфраструктура в эпоху цифровизации</issue-title><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жуков С.В., Масленников А.О., Синицин М.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жуков С.В., Масленников А.О., Синицин М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhukov S.V., Maslennikov A.О., Sinitsyn M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/544">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/544</self-uri><abstract><p>Начав экспорт сжиженного природного газа (СПГ) в 2016 г., США всего через два года стали четвертым крупнейшим его мировым экспортером и, с высокой вероятностью, закрепятся в ближайшем будущем в качестве треть его крупнейшего экспортера СПГ после Австралии и Катара. В фокусе нас тоящей статьи – анализ факторов, которые поддерживают глобальную конкурентоспособность американского СПГ в перспективе 2030 г. Авторы показывают: во-первых, первая волна экспортных проектов СПГ в США заметно ускорила перестройку контрактной системы мировой торговли газом и способствовала формированию более гибкого механизма ценообразования на природный газ; во-вторых, издержки производства ассоциированного природного газа в США сравнительно невелики и высока вероятность стабилизации цены газа на Henry Hub на уровне около 2,5 долл. за 1 млн б.т.е. в долгосрочном периоде, что дает американским производителям природного газа потенциальные возможности повысить свою глобальную конкурентоспособность за счет снижения производственных и транспортных издержек; в-третьих, новые волны экспорта СПГ из США не обязательно будут опираться на индексирование цены газа в контрактах к индексу Henry Hub, но будут использовать широкую линейку ценовых индикаторов, включая цену нефти Brent. C выходом на рынок все больших объемов глобально конкурентоспособного сниженного природного газа из США идущая последние десять–пятнадцать лет перестройка институциональной структуры, контрактной системы и ценового механизма в мировой торговле СПГ приобрела необратимый характер. Это создает предпосылки для быстрого формирования мирового рынка СПГ и, с некоторым временным лагом, мирового рынка природного газа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The United States started lique fied natural gas (LNG) export in 2016 and just in two years became the world’s fourth largest exporter of LNG. There is a high probability that in the near future the U.S. will emerge as the third largest LNG exporter after Australia and Qatar. The article focuses on the factors, which ensure global competitiveness of U.S. LNG until 2030. The authors show that: first, the first wave of American export LNG projects significantly speeded up restructuring of contract system in the world gas trade as well as suppor ted development of a more flexible mechanism of natural gas pricing; secondly, production costs of the associated natural gas in the U.S. are relatively low and it is highly probable to expect Henry hub gas price to stabilize at around 2.5 dollars per MMBTU in the long run, what gives the American gas producers potential capability to significantly improve their global competitiveness by means of production and transportation costs reduction; fourthly, new waves of U.S. LNG export will not necessa rily be linked to the Henry Hub index, but to a wide range of price indicators, inclu ding the Brent oil price. With increasing flows of globally competitive Ameri can LNG entering the market, transformation of the institutional structure, contracts system and price mecha nism that have been unfold in the world LNG trade for the last ten to fifteen years became irreversible. That creates prerequisites for rapid formation of the world LNG market as well as with a some time lag of a global gas market.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сжиженный природный газ (СПГ)</kwd><kwd>цены газа</kwd><kwd>ценовая привязка</kwd><kwd>ассоциированный газ</kwd><kwd>запрет на перепродажу</kwd><kwd>Henry Hub</kwd><kwd>TTF</kwd><kwd>JKM</kwd><kwd>Brent</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>LNG</kwd><kwd>gas prices</kwd><kwd>price indexation</kwd><kwd>associated gas</kwd><kwd>destination clause</kwd><kwd>Henry Hub</kwd><kwd>TTF</kwd><kwd>JKM</kwd><kwd>Brent</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жуков С.В., Симония Н.А., Варнавский В.Г ., Копытин И.А., Масленников А.О., Пусенкова Н.Н., Томберг И.Р ., Томберг Р .И. (2009) Мировой рынок природного газа: новейшие тенденции. 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