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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-2-133-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-333</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В рамках дискуссии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Under Discussion</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ухудшение воспроизводственных условий в экономике США: инфраструктурный фактор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Deterioration of Reproduction Conditions in the U.S. Economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ВАСИЛЬЕВ</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>VASILIEV</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Адрес: 123995, Москва, Хлебный пер., 2/3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Economics, Chief Researcher</p><p>Address: 2/3 Khlebny Lane, Moscow, 123995, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsvasiliev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт США и Канады Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for U.S. and Canadian Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>США в XXI веке: проблемы и вызовы</issue-title><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ВАСИЛЬЕВ В.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ВАСИЛЬЕВ В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">VASILIEV V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/333">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/333</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются причины замедления среднегодовых темпов экономического роста США, сократившихся в первые полтора десятилетия XXI в. в два раза по сравнению с  тремя последними десятилетиями ХХ в. Основную причину снижения темпов экономического роста ведущие американские экономисты и аналитики связывают с падением в два раза показателя совокупной факторной производительности (СФП). Этот показатель  отражает синергетические эффекты взаимодействия физического и человеческого  капиталов в производственных процессах. Постепенное снижение значения синергетики  взаимодействия труда и капитала в экономике США при прочих равных условиях означает и  уменьшение вклада этого фактора в темпы экономического роста, и больший приоритет в  государственной социально-экономической политике фактора капитала в экономическом развитии. В свою очередь усиление роли капитала в экономическом развитии США оборачивается резким усилением неравенства в распределении доходов  среди различных слоев американского общества, в результате чего подавляющая часть  экономического прироста продукции достается преимущественно 20% самых состоятельных  слоев американского общества. Рост несправедливости в распределении производимых  товаров и услуг в последние десятилетия в США оказался обусловленным и отсутствием  целенаправленной государственной политики перераспределения доходов. Отсутствие такой политики напрямую проистекает из растущего кризиса большинства составляющих  воспроизводственной структуры американской экономики. В заключении делается общий  вывод, что тенденция к долгосрочному снижению темпов экономического роста сохранится и в дальнейшем, поскольку США вынуждены будут направлять инвестиции, измеряемые  триллионами долларов, на модернизацию инфраструктуры американской экономики,  которые не дадут быстрой экономической отдачи в краткосрочной, а возможно, и  среднесрочной перспективе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the article the reasons for the deceleration of the average annual rates of economic growth of the United States are analyzed.  The rates declined in one and the half decade of the XXI century twice in comparison with the last three decades of the  twentieth century. Leading American economists and analysts  associated the main cause of the slowdown in economic growth with  a double drop in the rate of total factor productivity (TFP). This  indicator reflects the synergistic effects of the interaction of physical  and human capitals in the production process. The gradual decrease in the synergetic value of the interaction of labor and  capital in the US economy, other things being equal, also means a  decrease in the contribution of sinergetic factor to the rates of  economic growth and a greater priority in the state socio-economic policy of the capital factor in economic development. In  turn, the increasing role of capital in the economic development of  the US turns around with a sharp increase in inequality in income  distribution among different social strata of American society,  resulting in the bulk of the increase in economic production to  primarily 20% of the wealthiest layers of American society. The  growth of injustice in the distribution of goods and services in recent  decades in the United States was due to the lack of purposeful state  policy of the income redistribution. me. The absence of such a policy  stemmed from a growing crisis of most components of the  reproductive logistics of the American economy. In the end, general  conclusion is that the trend towards long-term decline in economic  growth will continue in the future because the US will be forced to invest trillions of dollars for infrastructure modernization in the  economy, which will not bring back quick economic returns in the short and possibly medium term.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>замедление темпов экономического роста</kwd><kwd>совокупная факторная производительность</kwd><kwd>воспроизводство</kwd><kwd>инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>неравенство в распределении доходов</kwd><kwd>налоговая реформа Д. Трампа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the slowdown in economic growth</kwd><kwd>total factor productivity</kwd><kwd>reproduction</kwd><kwd>infrastructure</kwd><kwd>inequality in income distribution</kwd><kwd>D. 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