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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-1-65-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-270</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>С точки зрения экономики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>From the Point of Economics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Арктические трансформации: ТНК перед новыми вызовами устойчивого развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Arctic Transformations: Multinational Companies Facing the New Challenges of Sustainable Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, заведующая сектором</p><p>сектор глобальных экономических проблем</p><p>Профсоюзная ул., 23, Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Section for the Global Economic Problems</p><p>23, ul. Profsoyuznaya, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenanikitina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений им. Е.М. Примакова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Государство и транснациональный бизнес</issue-title><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитина Е.Н., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитина Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitina E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/270">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/270</self-uri><abstract><p>Каково воздействие происходящих трансформаций в арктическом регионе – глобального потепления, социально-экономических и институциональных изменений  – на интернационализацию в Арктике и деятельность ТНК в полярных районах арктических стран? Какова роль ТНК в устойчивом развитии этих регионов и прежде всего в обеспечении благосостояния северян? В статье делается попытка ответить на эти вопросы и обсудить новые подходы к проблеме устойчивого развития в Арктике – регионе с крайне уязвимой и суровой природой, крупными запасами природных ресурсов, уникальными особенностями человеческого потенциала, динамично развивающейся экономикой, инфраструктурой и активным вовлечением его в мировое хозяйство. Главный акцент – на оценке социального компонента в треугольнике взаимосвязанных приоритетов устойчивого развития – социальных, экологических и экономических. Анализ показал, что последствия системных трансформаций формируют новый контекст для деятельности ТНК, которые вынуждены адаптировать к нему свои корпоративные стратегии в Арктике. Северные регионы активно включаются в интернационализацию, значительная часть их ВРП производится предприятиями, контролируемыми ТНК. Оценки роли ТНК для местного населения и устойчивого развития неоднозначны. Они содействуют модернизации экономики и инфраструктуры, созданию здесь рабочих мест, размещению заказов у местных производителей, развитию человеческого потенциала; в ряде стран происходит укрепление контроля местного населения за деятельностью многонациональных корпораций (США, Канада). Одновременно возникают серьезные социально-экономические дисбалансы, в том числе социальные диспропорции и стратификация населения, а также вызовы для традиционной деятельности и природы. Вклад арктических регионов в мировую экономику сейчас почти в пять раз выше, чем их доля в численности мирового населения. Получение социальной лицензии от северян, реализация корпоративной социальной ответственности становятся популярными инструментами, используемыми ТНК для обеспечения своих операций в Арктике. Укрепляется взаимодействие государства и ТНК, диверсификация форм государственного регулирования их доступа к природным ресурсам и инфраструктуре. Исследование проведено на основе изучения опыта зарубежных арктических стран, богатых минеральными и энергетическими ресурсами – США, Канады и Норвегии; их подходы и практика могут представлять интерес для России и ее северных регионов. В заключении обобщаются новые научные концепции адаптационного управления устойчивым развитием и его инклюзивности в контексте взаимодействия трансформирующихся природных и общественных систем в Арктике. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>What is the impact of the ongoing transformations in the Arctic region – global warming, socio-economic and institutional changes – on internationalization in the Arctic and the activities of multinational companies in the polar regions of the Arctic countries? What is the role of multinational companies in the sustainable development of these regions, including the ensuring of the welfare of the northerners? The article attempts to answer these questions and discuss new approaches to the problem of sustainable development in the Arctic region with its extremely vulnerable and severe nature, large reserves of natural resources, unique human potential, dynamically developing economy, infrastructure and active involvement in the world economy. The main emphasis is on the assessing of the social component in the triangle of the interrelated priorities of sustainable development  – social, environmental and economic. The analysis showed that the consequences of systemic transformations form a new context for the activities of multinational companies, which have to adapt their corporate strategies to the Arctic specifics. The northern regions are actively involved in internationalization; a significant part of their GRP is produced by enterprises controlled by multinational companies. Assessments of the role of multinational companies for the local population and sustainable development are mixed. Such companies help to modernize the economy and infrastructure, create jobs, place orders with local producers, and develop human potential. In a number of countries, the control of the local population over the activities of multinational corporations (USA, Canada) is strengthening. At the same time, serious social and economic imbalances arise, including social disproportions and stratification of the population, as well as challenges for traditional activities and nature. The contribution of the Arctic regions to the world economy is almost five times higher than their share in the world population. Obtaining a social license from the northerners, implementing corporate social responsibility is becoming a popular instrument used by multinational companies to support their activities in the Arctic. The interaction between the state and multinational companies is strengthening, and the forms of state regulation of the access to natural resources and infrastructure are being diversified. The study is based on the analysis of the practices of foreign Arctic countries, rich in mineral and energy resources – the USA, Canada and Norway; their approaches and practices may be of interest to Russia and its northern regions. In conclusion, new scientific concepts of adaptive governance of sustainable development and its inclusiveness in the context of the interaction between transforming natural and social systems in the Arctic are summarized. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктические страны</kwd><kwd>ТНК</kwd><kwd>последствия изменения глобального климата</kwd><kwd>трансформация природных и общественных систем</kwd><kwd>интернационализация</kwd><kwd>регионализация</kwd><kwd>корпоративная социальная ответственность</kwd><kwd>адаптационное управление</kwd><kwd>полицентризм</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic countries</kwd><kwd>multinational companies</kwd><kwd>consequences of global climate change</kwd><kwd>transformation of natural and social systems</kwd><kwd>internationalization</kwd><kwd>regionalization</kwd><kwd>corporate social responsibility</kwd><kwd>adaptive management</kwd><kwd>polycentrism</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Программы комплексных фундаментальных научных исследований ОГПМО РАН «Дисбалансы современного миропорядка и Россия» (Проект «Экономические и социальные дисбалансы в макрорегионах современного мира»).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research is done under the complex program of fundamental studies of the Subdivision of global problems and international relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Imbalances of the modern world order and Russia” (Project “Economic and social imbalances in macroregions of the modern world”).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов И.С. 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