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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/kgt/2025.04.02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-1972</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политические процессы в меняющемся мире</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political Processes in the Changing World</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Непризнанные и частично признанные образования сквозь призму понятия «государство» в международном праве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Unrecognized and Partially Recognized Entities Through the Prism of the Concept of the State in International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2212-8019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондрашов</surname><given-names>О. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondrashov</surname><given-names>O. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Романович Кондрашов, аспирант Аспирантской школы по праву</p><p>ул. Мясницкая, д. 20, г. Москва, 101000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg R. Kondrashov, PhD Student of the Doctorate School of Law</p><p>Myasnitskaya Street, 20, Moscow, 101000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okpm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондрашов О.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондрашов О.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondrashov O.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1972">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1972</self-uri><abstract><p>Так называемые непризнанные и частично признанные государства сохраняют свой статус «серой зоны» международного права. С учетом современных тенденций в данной отрасли права, а также объективной реальности, проявляющейся в росте числа международных связей с такими образованиями, международное право всё еще не способно полностью осмыслить и объяснить это явление. Данное отставание характеризуется наличием широкого спектра отношений, четко не регулируемых международным правом, включая двустороннюю и многостороннюю кооперацию различных форм, в том числе договорную. В статье рассматриваются определяющие особенности периферийного существования таких образований в международной системе сложности в экономической сфере с точки зрения этики и прав человека, совмещенные с высокой политической чувствительностью вопроса. Автор отмечает возникающие противоречия с позиции общепризнанных критериев государства, а именно с позиции понятия эффективности территориальной власти как центральной и отличительной характеристики государства в концепции, обобщенной Дж. Кроуфордом. Делается вывод о перспективности изучения данного феномена юристами-международниками, выработки юридически определенных подходов и критериев, которые также относились бы с должным вниманием к соблюдению баланса основополагающих международно-правовых принципов и ценностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The so-called unrecognized and partially recognized States retain their status as a “grey area” of international law. In the view of the current trends in international law, and the objective reality manifest in the growing number of international ties with such entities, international law still struggles to comprehend and account for this phenomenon. This lag is characterized by the existence of a wide range of de facto legal relations that are not clearly regulated by international law, which includes bilateral and multilateral cooperation of various forms, including the treaty-based. The article discusses the defining aspects of the peripheral existence of such entities in the international system: difficulties in the economic sphere, from the point of view of ethics and human rights, combined with high political sensitivity of the issue. The author notes inconsistencies arising from the position of generally recognized criteria of the State, namely the notion of the effectiveness of territorial power as a central and distinctive characteristic of the State in the concept that was summarized by J. Crawford. The author concludes that it is promising for international lawyers to further study this phenomenon and to develop legally defined approaches and criteria with due attention to the balance of fundamental international legal principles and values .</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>непризнанные государства</kwd><kwd>частично признанные государства</kwd><kwd>международная правосубъектность</kwd><kwd>критерии государственности</kwd><kwd>признание</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>суверенитет</kwd><kwd>международная интеграция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unrecognized States</kwd><kwd>partially recognized States</kwd><kwd>international legal personality</kwd><kwd>criteria of statehood</kwd><kwd>recognition</kwd><kwd>effectiveness</kwd><kwd>sovereignty</kwd><kwd>international integration.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заяц Д. 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