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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/kgt/2025.03.08</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-1805</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В национальном разрезе</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>National Peculiarities</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономическая и финансовая политика правительства Лулы да Силвы в 2023–2024 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic and Financial Policies of the Lula da Silva’s Government in 2023–2024</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1144-2392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симонова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Николаевна Симонова, кандидат экономических наук, руководитель Центра экономических исследований</p><p>ул. Большая Ордынка, д. 21, г. Москва, 115035</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila N. Simonova, PhD (Econ.), Head of the Center for Economic Research</p><p>B. Ordynka Street, 21, Moscow, 115035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ludmila-simonova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Латинской Америки РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Симонова Л.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Симонова Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Simonova L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1805">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1805</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье представлен анализ основных направлений экономической политики Бразилии в первой половине третьего президентского мандата Луиса Инасиу Лулы да Силвы – с 1 января 2023 г. до конца 2024 г., а также перспективы развития страны до 2026 г. Приведена диагностика современного состояния экономики и государственных финансов Бразилии, даны оценки возможностей и рисков проводимых преобразований. Центральными моментами экономической политики Л. И. Лулы да Силвы являются усиление роли государства в модернизации промышленности и инфраструтуры в соответствии с требованиями технологического и экологического перехода, повышение конкурентоспособности страны, улучшение бизнес-среды и создание условий для привлечения частных инвестиций в реализуемые проекты. Действующее правительство стремится сосредоточить усилия на стратегических направлениях реформирования, одновременно решая задачи сбалансированного роста национальной экономики и достижения финансовой устойчивости государства. Значительным успехом стало проведение реформы налогово-бюджетной системы, направленной на достижение большей справедливости при налогообложении доходов бразильцев, облегчение налоговой нагрузки на бизнес, обеспечение гибкости и ответственности в расходовании бюджетных средств. По мнению автора статьи, от прогресса в выполнении этих задач зависят перспективы вхождения Бразилии в число глобальных лидеров по уровню экономического и технологического развития.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thе article provides an analysis of the main economic policy directions of Brazil in the first half of the third presidential mandate of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (Lula) – from January 1, 2023 to the end of 2024, as well as the prospects for the country’s development until 2026. The article offers a diagnosis of the current state of the Brazilian economy and public finances, and assesses the opportunities and risks of the ongoing transformations. The central points of Lula da Silva’s economic policy are strengthening the role of the state in modernizing industry and infrastructure in accordance with the requirements of technological and environmental transition, increasing the country’s competitiveness, improving the business environment, and creating conditions for attracting private investment in ongoing projects. The current government is striving to focus its efforts on strategic areas of reform, while also addressing the challenges of balanced economic growth and financial sustainability. One notable achievement has been the implementation of a fiscal reform aimed at achieving greater fairness in the taxation of Brazilian citizens’ income, reducing the tax burden on businesses, and promoting flexibility and accountability in budget management. According to the author, progress in these areas is crucial for Brazil’s prospects of becoming a global leader in economic and technological development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Бразилия</kwd><kwd>экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>национальные планы и стратегии</kwd><kwd>модернизация промышленности и инфраструктуры</kwd><kwd>реформа налогово-бюджетной системы</kwd><kwd>бюджетный дефицит</kwd><kwd>государственный долг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Brazil</kwd><kwd>socio-economic policy</kwd><kwd>national plans and strategies</kwd><kwd>modernization of industry and infrastructure</kwd><kwd>tax and budgetary system reform</kwd><kwd>budget deficit</kwd><kwd>public debt</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бразилия: смена приоритетов в новом политическом цикле / Серия «Саммит»; отв. ред. В.М. 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