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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23932/2542-0240-2017-10-3-14-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-18</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Культура и идентичность</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Culture and Identity</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АРМИЯ, ОБЩЕСТВО И ГОСУДАРСТВО В ПОИСКАХ ОПТИМАЛЬНОЙ ФОРМЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ARMY, SOCIETY AND STATE IN SEARCH OF A PREFERABLE MODEL OF COOPERATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-036X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>КРИВОПАЛОВ</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>KRIVOPALOV</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, научный сотрудник,  Ассоциация независимых экспертов «Центр изучения кризисного общества»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Researcher, Association of Independent  Experts “Center for Crisis Society Studies”</p><p>4, Dokuchaev per., Moscow, Russian Federation, 107078</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krivopalov@centero.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ассоциация независимых экспертов «Центр изучения кризисного общества»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Association of Independent Experts “Center for Crisis Society Studies”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Армия и общество в современном мире</issue-title><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; КРИВОПАЛОВ А.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">КРИВОПАЛОВ А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">KRIVOPALOV A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/18">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/18</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть наиболее характерные для современности  форматы гражданско-военных отношений. С этой целью автор последовательно обращается  к опыту Соединённых Штатов Америки, Западной Европы, России и Китая. Классическая западная система гражданско-военных отношений, реализованная в США и Западной Европе, предполагает строгую изоляцию армии от политики и политики от армии. Она ставит надёжный барьер на пути вмешательства вооружённых сил в сферу ответственности гражданской власти, но при этом серьёзно затрудняет связь между политикой и стратегией. Западный подход к регулированию сферы гражданско- военных отношений не может иметь эффективного применения за пределами Запада. Для российской модели характерно слабое развитие институтов, но это не мешает верховной власти держать вооружённые силы под неослабным политическим контролем. Китайская практика господства политической элиты над армией также не  формализована. Во многих аспектах наблюдающаяся в Китае картина плотной опеки армии со стороны коммунистической партии напоминает советскую традицию, хотя при этом сохраняются и  существенные отличия. Фигура воина никогда не имела в конфуцианской культуре того  значения и авторитета, какие она обрела в культуре христианского Запада. Эффективность механизма гражданского контроля вооружённых сил не всегда возможно  сравнивать по единым критериям. Не везде взаимоотношения политического руководства и  вооружённых сил определяются нормативно. Для оценки неформального статуса армии внутри общества приходится принимать во внимание такой косвенный признак, как организация системы высшего военного управления. Автор приходит к выводу, что ни  одна из утвердившихся в мире практик гражданско-военных отношений не может считаться универсальной и общеприменимой. Каждая из них остаётся исторически обусловленной и не может быть правильно понята вне контекста политических реалий рассматриваемой  страны. Все известные модели гражданско-военного взаимодействия наряду с  достоинствами обладают и серьёзными недостатками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author attempts to define the most relevant formats of civil- military relationships. In order to do it, the author refers to the  experience from the USA, Western Europe, Russia and China.  Classical Western system of civil-military relationships can be found  in the USA and Western Europe and characterized by the strict  separation of an army from politics and vice versa. This leads to the  situation, when an army has no influence on the spheres of civic power, while also weakening the link between politics and  strategy. The author claims that the western approach to the  regulation of civilmilitary relationships cannot be implemented outside of the West. Thus, although Russian political  system is characterized as a system with weak political institutes,  the Russian model demonstrates the ability of state to control military forces. In China, where political elite dominates an army, the system of civil-military relationships is also tacit. Many  aspects of the Chinese system with the communist party`s control of  an army has much in common with the Soviet experience.  However, it does not reduce the significant unique characters of the Chinese system. Thus, the image of warrior in the Confucian  culture never found such a great level of popularity, which was  relevant for the Christian Western culture. The efficiency of the civil  control of army can not be compared, according to some uniform criteria. Such systems and mechanisms in a range of states are not  defined in a normative way. In order to assess the informal status of  an army in a society, we have to consider such an indirect aspect as  the ways of the organization of the military high command system.  The author concludes by stating that there is no mechanisms and  systems of civil-military relationships, which can be implemented universally. All of them are determined by the  country`s history and cannot be understand outside the political  context. Besides, all of the considered models have both: dvantages and disadvantages.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>армия</kwd><kwd>общество</kwd><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>гражданско-военные отношения</kwd><kwd>система военного управления</kwd><kwd>политика</kwd><kwd>генеральный штаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>army</kwd><kwd>society</kwd><kwd>state</kwd><kwd>civil-military relations</kwd><kwd>system of military management</kwd><kwd>politics</kwd><kwd>general staff</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айрапетов О.Р. (1998). Забытая карьера русского Мольтке. Н.Н. Обручев (1830–1904). Санкт-Петербург: Алетейя. 314.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Airapetov O.R. (1998). The forgotten career of the Russian Moltke. N.N. Obruchev (1830–1904). 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