<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/kgt/2025.03.03</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-1799</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Китайский глобальный проект для Евразии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>The Chinese Global Project for Eurasia</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика экономических показателей и тренды дальнейшего развития морских портов Китая</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of Economic Indicators and Trends of Further Development of China’s Seaports</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-8972</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнова</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нелли Кимовна Семёнова, кандидат политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Нахимовский проспект, д. 32, г. Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelli K. Semenova, PhD (Political Science), Leading Researcher</p><p>Nakhimovsky Avenue, 32, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenovanelli-2011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт Китая и современной Азии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семёнова Н.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семёнова Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova N.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1799">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1799</self-uri><abstract><p>Китайские морские порты выполняют функции центральных элементов транспортной инфраструктуры, обеспечивая интеграцию различных видов транспорта и выступая в качестве международных торговых хабов как на национальном, так и на региональном уровнях. Эволюционный путь развития китайского портового сектора находится в тесной взаимосвязи с динамическими изменениями экономических показателей страны и структурными преобразованиями ее национальной экономики. Реализация стратегии экономической открытости дала импульс увеличению объемов импортно-экспортных операций и способствовала интенсификации процессов модернизации портовой инфраструктуры. В настоящее время основным двигателем развития китайских портов являются процесс цифровизации китайской экономики, реструктуризация, усложнение и трансформация производственно-логистических цепочек с участием Китая, а также новые требования к международной конкурентоспособности. Методология исследования базируется на результатах мониторинга в основном китайской источниковой базы с последующим применением компаративистского подхода, дескриптивного и статистического анализа. В работе проанализирована динамика ключевых индикаторов в секторе портового хозяйства Китая и связанных с ним отраслях после начала реализации политики реформ и открытости, изменения государственной инвестиционной политики в отношении портового комплекса и управления им, исследована современная структура портовой отрасли Китая, формирующая агломерационный эффект за счет оптимизации размещения производственных мощностей и адаптации промышленной структуры к потребностям ведущих секторов китайской экономики, а также сформулированы ключевые тренды в развитии морских портов Китая.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chinese sea ports serve as central elements of the transport infrastructure, ensuring the integration of different types of transportation and acting as international trade hubs at both national and regional levels. The evolutionary path of development in China’s port sector is closely linked to dynamic changes in the country’s economic indicators and the structural transformations of its national economy. The implementation of the economic openness strategy has given impetus to the growth of import-export operations and contributed to the intensification of modernization processes in port infrastructure. Currently, the main drivers of the development of Chinese ports are digitalization of the Chinese economy; the restructuring, increasing complexity, and transformation of production-logistics chains involving China; and new requirements for international competitiveness. The research methodology is based on monitoring results from primarily Chinese sources, followed by a comparative approach, and descriptive and statistical analysis. The study analyzes the dynamics of key indicators in the port industry and related sectors in China since the beginning of the reform and opening-up policy; explores changes in state investment policies toward the port complex and its management; examines the current structure of China’s port industry, which forms an agglomeration effect through optimizing the placement of production capacity and adapting industrial structures to meet the needs of the leading sectors of the Chinese economy; and identifies key trends in the development of China’s seaports.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>морские порты</kwd><kwd>трансформация</kwd><kwd>динамика</kwd><kwd>развитие</kwd><kwd>основные тренды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>seaports</kwd><kwd>transformation</kwd><kwd>dynamics</kwd><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>key trends</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козьменко С.Ю. Экономика и геополитика «морского шелкового пути» // Морской сборник. – 2021. – № 11 (2096). – С. 55–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen J.R., Choi J.W., Seo Y.J. (2025). Environmental efficiency assessment of coastal ports in China: Implications for sustainable port management. Marine Pollution Bulletin. Vol. 211, article 117436. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117436.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корчагина Е.В., Топина Е.В., Ядыкин В.К. Морские порты Китая как ключевой элемент инфраструктуры внешней торговли // Цифровая экономика и Индустрия 4.0: форсайт Россия. – Санкт-Петербург : Политех-пресс, 2020. – С. 95–99. – DOI: 10.18720/IEP/2020.1/9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Wang Т., Xiao L. (2024). The efficiency analysis of main coastal ports in China. Shipping and Transport Logistics. Vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 324–340. DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.139064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочетова К.В., Попова Ю.И., Левченко Т.А. Состояние портовой инфраструктуры Китая и ее вклад в развитие мировой транспортной инфраструктуры // Актуальные вопросы современной экономики. – 2019. – № 4. – С. 436–441.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng J., Liang F., Yang Z. (2022). The impacts of port governance reform on port competition in China. Transportation Research. Part E. Logistics and Transportation Review. Vol. 160, no. 3, article 102660. DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2022.102660.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лозинский А.Н., Сазонов С.Л. Мировое лидерство китайского морского транспорта // Россия и Китай: проблемы стратегического взаимодействия : сборник Восточного центра. – Чита : ЗабГУ, 2022. – С. 121–125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghoul D., Oulmakki O., Verny J. (2024). The impact of digitalization on the development of shipping: Empirical analysis based on external drivers. Shipping and Transport Logistics. Vol. 1, no. 1. DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.10067466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маликова Ю.А. Реконфигурация транспортно-логистических маршрутов Китая и России // Естественно-гуманитарные исследования. – 2024. – № 2 (52). – С. 185–190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo Y., Zeng Y. (2024). The impact of government support on port industry competitiveness: A qualitative exploration. Infrastructure Policy and Development. Vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1–27. DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i5.5552.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семёнова Н.К. Морские порты Китая: современное состояние и перспективы развития. – Москва : ИВ РАН, 2023. – 472 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International port investment…(2019). Chen S.L., Huo W.W., Li K.X., Zhang W. International port investment of Chinese port-related companies. Shipping and Transport Logistics. Vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 430–454. DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2019.102145.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хорбаладзе Э.Л. Ключевые элементы китайской стратегии в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе // Вопросы политологии. – 2023. – Т. 13, № 4 (92). – С. 1830–1840. – DOI: 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Issledovaniye… (2021). Yang X. et al. Research on Policies for Developing Modern Logistics and Improving Transportation Efficiency. Manila: Asian Development Bank, 58 pp. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen J.R., Choi J.W., Seo Y.J. Environmental efficiency assessment of coastal ports in China: Implications for sustainable port management // Marine Pollution Bulletin. – 2025. – Vol. 211. – Article 117436. – DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117436.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khorbaladze E.L. (2023). Key elements of China’s strategy in the Asia-Pacific region. Political Science Issues. Vol. 13, no. 4 (92), pp. 1830–1840 (in Russian). DOI: 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Wang Т., Xiao L. The efficiency analysis of main coastal ports in China // Shipping and Transport Logistics. – 2024. – Vol. 18, N 3. – P. 324–340. – DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.139064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochetova K.V., Popova Yu.I., Levchenko T.A. (2019). The state of China’s port infrastructure and its contribution to the development of global transport infrastructure. Actual Issues of Modern Economics. No. 4, pp. 436–441 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng J., Liang F., Yang Z. The impacts of port governance reform on port competition in China // Transportation Research. Part E. Logistics and Transportation Review. – 2022. – Vol. 160, N 3. – Article 102660. – DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2022.102660.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korchagina E.V., Topina E.V., Yadykin V.K. (2020). China’s seaports as a key element of foreign trade infrastructure. In: Digital Economy and Industry 4.0: Foresight Russia. St. Petersburg: Polytech-press, pp. 95–99 (in Russian). DOI: 10.18720/IEP/2020.1/9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghoul D., Oulmakki O., Verny J. The impact of digitalization on the development of shipping: Empirical analysis based on external drivers // Shipping and Transport Logistics. – 2024. – Vol. 19, N 1. – DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.10067466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozmenko S.Yu. (2021). Economy and geopolitics of the “maritime silk road”. Marine Digest. No. 11 (2096), pp. 55–59 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo Y., Zeng Y. The impact of government support on port industry competitiveness: A qualitative exploration // Infrastructure Policy and Development. – 2024. – Vol. 8, N 5. – P. 1–27. – DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i5.5552.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liao C.H., Lu C.S., Yu Y.H. (2024). Service quality, relationship quality, e-service quality, and customer loyalty in the container shipping service context: a moderated mediation model. Shipping and Transport Logistics. Vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1–29. DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.137584.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International port investment of Chinese port-related companies / Chen S.L., Huo W.W., Li K.X., Zhang W. // Shipping and Transport Logistics. – 2019. – Vol. 11, N 5. – P. 430–454. – DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2019.102145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin K.C., Kaplan A. (2023). Geo-economics of the Chinese Shipping Industry: Building Maritime Commercial Power from Bust to Boom, 2008–2021. In: Great Power Competition and Middle Power Strategies. The Political Economy of the Asia Pacific. Berkeley: Springer, Cham, pp. 119–140. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38024-2_6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liao C.H., Lu C.S., Yu Y.H. Service quality, relationship quality, e-service quality, and customer loyalty in the container shipping service context: a moderated mediation model // Shipping and Transport Logistics. – 2024. – Vol. 18, N 1. – P. 1–29. – DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.137584.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lozinsky A.N., Sazonov S.L. (2022). World leadership of Chinese maritime transport. In: Russia and China: Problems of Strategic Interaction: Collection of the Eastern Center. Chita: ZabGU, pp. 121–125 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin K.C., Kaplan A. Geo-economics of the Chinese Shipping Industry: Building Maritime Commercial Power from Bust to Boom, 2008–2021 // Great Power Competition and Middle Power Strategies. The Political Economy of the Asia Pacific. – Berkeley : Springer, Cham, 2023. – P. 119–140. – DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38024-2_6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu Bo (2023). Evaluation and Governance of Coordinated Development of Regional Port Clusters and the Environment. Beijing: Economic Science Press, 287 pp. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Port competition, connectivity andaccessibility changes under the disturbance: the case of the Chinese portsystem / Feng H., Grifoll M., Huang D., Lin Q., Zheng P. // Shipping and Transport Logistics. – 2024. – Vol. 18, N 1. – P. 54–67. – DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.10064764.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malikova Yu.A. (2024). Reconfiguration of transport and logistics routes of China and Russia. Natural Sciences and Humanities. No. 2 (52), pp. 185–190 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The impact of provincial port integration on port efficiency: Empirical evidence from China’s Coastal Provinces / Zhou Y., Li Z., Duan W., Deng Z. // Transport Geography. – 2023. – Vol. 108, N 3. – Article 103574. – DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103574.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Port competition… (2024). Feng H., Grifoll M., Huang D., Lin Q., Zheng P. Port competition, connectivity andaccessibility changes under the disturbance: the case of the Chinese portsystem. Shipping and Transport Logistics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 54–67. DOI: 10.1504/IJSTL.2024.10064764.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исследование политики развития современной логистики и повышения эффективности перевозок = 杨晓红. 发展现代物流提高运输效率政策研究 / Ян Сяохун [и др.] // Манила: Азиатский банк развития = 马尼拉：亚洲开发银 行. – 2021. – 58 с. – Кит. яз.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenova N.K. (2023). Seaports of China: Current Status and Development Prospects. Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 472 pp. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лу Бо. Оценка и управление скоординированным развитием региональных портовых кластеров и окружающей среды = 鲁渤. 区域港口群与 环境协调发展的评价与治理. – Пекин : Economic Science Press = 北京: 经济科 学出版社, 2023. – 287 с. – Кит. яз.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The impact… (2023). Zhou Y., Li Z., Duan W., Deng Z. The impact of provincial port integration on port efficiency: Empirical evidence from China’s Coastal Provinces. Transport Geography. Vol. 108, no. 3, article 103574. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103574.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чжоу Юэ. Углубленный анализ портовой отрасли и облигаций = 周岳. 港 口行业与债券深度梳理 // Ценные бумаги IFC = 国金证券. – 2020. – 21 апреля. – Кит. яз. – URL: https://finance.sina.cn/bond/zsyw/2021-02-04/detailikftssap2786398.d.html?from=wap (дата обращения: 28.01.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou Yue (2020). In-depth combing of the port industry and bonds. Sinolink Securities. 21 April (in Chinese). Available at: https://finance.sina.cn/bond/zsyw/2021-02-04/detail-ikftssap2786398.d.html?-from=wap, accessed 28.01.2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
