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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">centero</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0240</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9324</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Center for Crisis Society Studies</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31249/kgt/2024.05.09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">centero-1605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Панорама Африки и Ближнего Востока</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Africa and the Middle East: the Сhanging Landscape</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ирак после американского вторжения: судьба суннитов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Iraq After the American Invasion: The Sunni Fate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-8372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бибикова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bibikova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Павловна БИБИКОВА, кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра междисциплинарных исследований, и. о. главного редактора журнала «Россия и мусульманский мир»</p><p>Нахимовский проспект, д. 51/21, г. Москва, 117418</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga P. BIBIKOVA, PhD (History), Senior Researcher, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences</p><p>Nakhimovsky Avenue, 51/21, Moscow, 117418</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olbibikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт научной информации по общественным наукам РАН (ИНИОН РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>Новое прочтение старых вопросов в изменившемся мире</issue-title><fpage>172</fpage><lpage>186</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бибикова О.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бибикова О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bibikova O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1605">https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1605</self-uri><abstract><p>Вторжение США в Ирак в 2003 г. подорвало государственность страны. Планируя свою операцию «Иракская свобода», американцы сделали ставку на шиитов и курдов, которые, по их мнению, во времена правления партии Баас были наиболее дискриминированы. Одновременно новая администрация запретила партию Баас, следствием чего стала маргинализация суннитов и отстранение их от политической жизни. Таким образом, американцы актуализировали этнические и конфессиональные противоречия, существовавшие в иракском обществе. Непонимание особенностей и проблем иракского социума со стороны временной американской администрации привело к тому, что в стране вспыхнула гражданская война, экономика была разрушена, а после вмешательства в ситуацию радикалов террористической организации ИГИЛ значительная часть населения – сунниты и христиане – были вынуждены искать убежища за пределами Ирака</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 profoundly undermined the country’s statehood. During the planning of the “Operation Iraqi Freedom,” the United States relied on Shiites and Kurds, who were perceived as having been the most marginalized under the Baath Party’s rule. Simultaneously, the new administration implemented a ban on the Baath Party, resulting in the political marginalization of Sunnis and their exclusion from public life. This approach exacerbated the existing ethnic and sectarian divisions within Iraqi society. A lack of understanding of Iraq’s social complexities and challenges by the interim American administration ultimately contributed to the outbreak of civil war. The country’s economy was left in ruins, and following the involvement of ISIS terrorists in the conflict, a significant portion of the population – particularly Sunnis and Christians – was forced to seek refuge abroad.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вторжение США</kwd><kwd>сунниты</kwd><kwd>шииты</kwd><kwd>курды</kwd><kwd>христиане</kwd><kwd>шиито-суннитские разногласия</kwd><kwd>Баас</kwd><kwd>армия</kwd><kwd>федерализация</kwd><kwd>иракские беженцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>US invasion</kwd><kwd>Sunnis</kwd><kwd>Shiites</kwd><kwd>Kurds</kwd><kwd>Christians</kwd><kwd>Shiite-Sunni differences</kwd><kwd>Baath</kwd><kwd>army</kwd><kwd>federalization</kwd><kwd>Iraqi refugees</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гордиенко Д.В., Гордиенко В.Н. 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