centeroКонтуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, правоOutlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law2542-02402587-9324Center for Crisis Society Studies10.31249/kgt/2023.05.05centero-1509Research ArticleСфера науки и высшего образованияScience and Higher EducationРусистика в США: опыт прошлого и проблемы настоящегоRussian Studies in the US: Past Experience and Today’s Problemshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-6495НадточейЮ. И.NadtocheyYu. I.

Юрий Иванович НАДТОЧЕЙ, кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник Отдела Европы и Америки

Нахимовский проспект, д. 51/21, г. Москва, 117418

Yuriy I. NADTOCHEY, PhD (History), Senior Researcher of Europe and America Department

Nakhimovsky Avenue, 51/21, Moscow, 117418

ynadtochey@yandex.ruИнститут научной информации по общественным наукам РАН (ИНИОН РАН)РоссияInstitute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023111220241657293Copyright © Надточей Ю.И., 20252025Надточей Ю.И.Nadtochey Y.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ogt-journal.com/jour/article/view/1509

Конституирование русистики как дисциплины и ее развитие продолжаются уже более ста лет. Американская общественно-политическая и страноведческая мысль продолжает исследовать различные аспекты российской действительности. В статье описываются история возникновения русистики в США, ее методологические особенности, дается авторская периодизация с выделением этапов развития дисциплины за последний век. Отмечается, что она представляет собой междисциплинарную сферу научной деятельности, которая объединяет в себе знания из разных областей общественных и гуманитарных наук. Рассматривается проблема выделения предметного поля дисциплины, формирования исследовательских подходов к изучению России в конкретных исторических условиях второй половины ХХ в.; уделяется внимание проблеме развития научных и экспертных кадров – специалистов-русистов и советологов. В статье постулируется тезис о прикладном политико-идеологическом и политико-технологическом значении советологии. Отмечается, что она стала важным идейным фактором, влияющим на формирование общественного мнения и на процесс принятия политических решений элитами США в годы холодной войны. Определяются вызовы и перспективы развития политологических направлений русистики в настоящее время. Основной фокус сделан на современном состоянии «россиеведческих исследований», их концептуально-теоретическом, эмпирическом и идеологическом наполнении в условиях изменения направления общественного дискурса о России внутри США и резкого ухудшения российско-американских отношений.

Russian Studies as an established discipline has been continuously evolving for over a century, with American socio-political and area studies thought delving into various facets of the Russian reality. This article delves into the origins of Russian Studies in the United States, its unique methodological characteristics, and offers a periodization framework authored by the writer, highlighting the developmental phases of the discipline over the past century. It is worth noting that Russian Studies is an interdisciplinary field of academic endeavor, bringing together insights from diverse areas within the social and humanities sciences. The article also addresses the challenge of delineating the subject matter of this discipline and the development of research approaches for studying Russia, particularly within the historical context of the latter half of the 20th century. There is a specific focus on nurturing the growth of academic researchers and experts that specialize in Russian Studies and Sovietology. In this regard, the article posits the idea that Soviet Studies carries practical political-ideological and political-technological significance. It has emerged as a pivotal ideological force shaping public opinion and influencing the decision-making processes of American elites during the Cold War era. The article concludes by examining the contemporary challenges and prospects facing Russian Studies. It primarily concentrates on the present state of «Russian Studies», encompassing its theoretical underpinnings, empirical research, and ideological dimensions. This assessment occurs in the context of evolving public discourse about Russia within the United States and the considerable deterioration of U. S.‑Russia relations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.